| 翻訳と辞書 |
| German Continental Deep Drilling Program ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
German Continental Deep Drilling Program
The German Continental Deep Drilling Program (in German ドイツ語:Kontinentales Tiefbohrprogramm der Bundesrepublik Deutschland〔literally "continental deep drilling program of the federal republic of germany"〕), abbreviated as the KTB borehole, was a scientific drilling project from 1987 to 1995 near Windischeschenbach, Bavaria. The main superdeep borehole reached a depth of 9,101 meters into the Earth's continental crust.
The project was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Research with 528 million DM (270 million Euro). The project lead was taken over by the LBEG mining office (Landesamt für Bergbau, Energie und Geologie). After the drilling project had ended the borehole was reused by the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences for installation of a seismic observatory at depth (ドイツ語:Tiefenobservatorium) that was active from 1996 to 2001. The derrick - one of the largest in the world - is now used as touristic attraction in the region. The two boreholes continue to be open for further scientific usage.
== History ==
The site of the drilling project is in the ZEV, ドイツ語:Zone von Erbendorf-Vohenstrauß, just south of the ドイツ語:Erbendorflinie being the contact zone where Laurasia and Gondwana merged into Pangaea. Due to the geological genesis the earth crust consists of a number of layers exhibiting a number of phenomena such as strong magnetic areas and the ドイツ語:Erbendorfkörper, a large mass drifting at about eleven kilometers below the surface with a relative high speed and seismic activity.
The project started in September 1987 with an advance borehole using state of the art technology. The borehole reached its target depth of 4000 metres in April 1989. The results of this drilling were used as parameters for the main borehole - for example the temperature gradient was higher than originally expected. The main drilling started on 8 September 1990 about 200 meters away from the advance borehole for an envisaged depth of 10000 meters. The first 7500 meters were using an automatic vertical drill head so that the lateral deviation could be limited to 12 meters. Due to the expected failure of the electronics below that depth a conventional drill head was used below that point. Due to brittleness and ductility the borehole was deforming multiple times, requiring to backfill the hole and start drilling again from a higher place. These operations continued for the last year of the project - the timing and budget constraints put an end to the efforts to go deeper. The drilling ended on 12 October 1994 after 1468 days at a depth of 9101 meters and about 300 meters lateral deviation showing a temperature of 265 °C. The planned three main experiments were performed until 31 December 1994. The facilities were being partially dismantled until 31 December 1995.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「German Continental Deep Drilling Program」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|